History of Tableau Solitaire
Tableau belongs to the Beleaguered Castle family of open-packer patience games, where all cards are visible and arranged around a central column of foundations. Unlike its single-deck relatives, Tableau uses two full decks, doubling the depth of each column and adding a second foundation per suit.
The game was documented in Rudolf Heinrich's 1976 collection Die schönsten Patiencen. Its close relatives include Little Napoleon Patience and Fürst Bismarck, which share the two-deck layout with slight variations in the building rules.
The suit constraint
Where Beleaguered Castle lets you place any card on one that is one rank higher (regardless of suit), Tableau requires the same suit. This single change multiplies the difficulty dramatically: each card has at most one valid destination in each tableau column, rather than one per available rank.
The upside is the sequence move. A correctly built run of three or four cards in the same suit can be relocated in a single action, freeing the cards beneath it in one move instead of three or four.